To use fortran functions from matlab there are a few options:
Prerequisites:
.so/.dll -> the dynamic library with the prebuild fortran code
.h -> the header file describing the functions and arguments in c notation
Fortran doesn't use text based header files but binary mod files. These are not recognized by matlab. |
To generate the h files look in the dll or shared object what the naming convention generated. Type the names in the .h file. If you used fortran to generate the dll the names might and function arguments might be mangled. Also the function arguments might change. See the following example of a simple header file.
#ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* entry point declarations here */ __declspec( dllexport ) long fortomatint (long& , long&); # long fortomatint_ (long&, long&); \-> for g77 __declspec( dllexport ) float fortomatreal(float& , float&); #ifdef __cplusplus } /* end extern "C" */ #endif |
This header file is applicable for the following fortran code when compiled to dll. Note that you have to add the compiler directives to your fortran code for every fortran function you want to be visible in the dll.
INTEGER*4 FUNCTION fortomat(val1,val2) !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES DLLEXPORT,ALIAS : "fortomat" :: fortomat INTEGER*4 val1,val2 FORTOMAT=val1*val2 END FUNCTION real*4 FUNCTION fortomatreal(val1,val2) !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES DLLEXPORT,ALIAS : "fortomatreal" :: fortomatreal real*4 val1,val2 fortomatreal=val1*val2 END FUNCTION |
Use nm (linux) or depends (windows) to look inside a dynamic library. |
To use the library within matlab you have to tell matlab about the library and the header file. Matlab should check if the naming convention used in the header file is consistent with the naming in the dll/so. See the following example:
if libisloaded('lib')~=1 if ispc loadlibrary endecdll.dll endecdll.h alias lib else % lunix loadlibrary libendecdll.so endecdll.h alias lib % \-> for linux end; %libfunctions lib libfunctions lib \-full %calllib('lib','fortomatint',5,5) %calllib('lib','fortomatreal',5.4,3.7) if libisloaded('lib')==1 unloadlibrary lib; end; |
You can make matlab wrapper that loads the library, calls the function, and unloads the libray again. With this matlab wrapper, the matlab doe snot even need to be aware that he is calling a ddll:
function out = fortomat(var1,var2) %FORTOMAT % % fortomat(val1,val2) % where var* can be integer or float OPT.libname = 'ekufbqegjhbgoebgo'; OPT.dllname = 'endecdll.dll';; OPT.hdrname = 'endecdll.h' OPT.debug = 1; %% Load library %% ------------ if libisloaded(OPT.libaliasname)~=1 loadlibrary(OPT.dllname,OPT.hdrname,'alias',OPT.libname) end; %% Inquire library %% ------------ if OPT.debug libfunctions(OPT.libaliasname,'-full') end %% Call library function %% ------------ if isa(var1,'integer') && isa(var1,'integer') out = calllib(OPT.libname,'fortomat',var1,var2); elseif isa(var1,'float') && isa(var1,'float') out = calllib(OPT.libname,'fortomat',var1,var2); else error(['No matching datatype in ',]) end %% Unload library %% ------------ if libisloaded(OPT.libname)==1 unloadlibrary(OPT.libname); end; %% EOF |
This method is described in detail at the mathworks site
This method uses the mex files (matlab specific dll's) to communicate between matlab and fortran. You make fortran (or c) aware of the internals of matlab. You wrap your method with the matlab function calling method (lhs, rhs, etc...) .
Matlab Fortran
See a simple example.
! ! CHECK FOR PROPER NUMBER OF ARGUMENTS ! IF (NRHS .NE. 2) THEN CALL MEXERRMSGTXT('YPRIME requires two input arguments') ELSEIF (NLHS .GT. 1) THEN CALL MEXERRMSGTXT('YPRIME requires one output argument') ENDIF ! ! CHECK THE DIMENSIONS OF Y. IT CAN BE 4 X 1 OR 1 X 4. ! M = MXGETM(PRHS(2)) N = MXGETN(PRHS(2)) ! IF ((MAX(M,N) .NE. 4) .OR. (MIN(M,N) .NE. 1)) THEN CALL MEXERRMSGTXT('YPRIME requires that Y be a 4 x 1 vector') ENDIF |
SWIG is an open source program to use native c/c++/fortran routines from dynamic and modern languages. This is used in tcl/python/c#/R and many other languages. There has been some work to extend this method to matlab. This however doesnt seem to be completely implemented.
SWIG & Matlab
SWIG->octave
SWIG -> Matlab
Authors: Fedor Baart, Jan Kramer & Gerben de Boer (transferred from McTools website).