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h3. |
Structuring
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and
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processing
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information
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using
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GIS
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In
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the
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previous
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section
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Starting
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IMS,
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the
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existing
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megasite-specific
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information
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was
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organized
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and
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used
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for
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the
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preliminary
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description
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of
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the
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main
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contamination
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sources,
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transport
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pathways
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and
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receptors,
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leading
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to
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the
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development
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of
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a
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conceptual
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model
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and
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the
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delineation
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of
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the
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Risk
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Management
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Zone
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(RMZ)
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for
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the
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megasite.
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In
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the
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present
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step,
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a
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detailed
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megasite
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characterization
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is
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performed,
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to
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construct
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a
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more
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elaborated
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basis
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for
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estimating
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current
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and
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future
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risks
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on
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a
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megasite
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scale
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(see
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figure
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below).
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The
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results
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are
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stored
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in
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a
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database
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and
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presented
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in
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the
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form
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of
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maps
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(by
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using
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GIS
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software
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tools),
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to
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give
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a
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detailed
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overview
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of
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the
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megasite,
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as
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well
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as
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to
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support
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the
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further
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risk
...
assessment.
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The information concerns the following:
- contamination sources
- on the basis of preselected priority contaminants
- on the basis of existing and new data, and data intra/extrapolation procedures leading to regional maps
- receptors at risk
- groundwater, surface water, and land use related receptors
- the functional use of the receptors.
- pathways between sources and receptors, and parameters that may influence the risks for (emissions to) the receptors:
- groundwater: parameters for hydrogeological, geochemical and natural attenuation (NA) processes in aquifers,
- surface water resources: parameters for the NA at the groundwater-surface water interface (NAI), upstream emissions and emissions other than from soil and groundwater (i.e. wastewater discharges), sediment as source of contaminants,
- air: parameters of wind characteristics, erosion, precipitation and volatilisation.
Output
The output is the GIS database and maps of the megasite that present elaborated characteristics of:
- the contaminant sources,
- the receptors and their functional use (and related quality criteria),
- the pathways and process parameters (NA and NAI).