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input files containing meteorological time series such as wind , velocityvelocity, air pressure, air temperature. |
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Space varying wind and pressure input files (meteofiles)
At present, for different wind meteo input files, different headers are used, which are read in different ways in the sourcecodesource code. Some effort has been put in making the files more self-descriptive, readible readable and to make the input of the different files more consistent. For four wind-input options, a suggestion to standardise the headers is shown below. The suggestion is conform a possible transition to NetCDF format in the future. See NetCDF standard names for more information on the used standard NetCDF names. For Space Varying Wind and Pressure, Pseudo ArcInfo wind, wind on a separate curvi-linear grid and Spiderweb windmeteo on the FLOW grid, meteo on an equidistant (rectilinear or spherical) grid, meteo on a separate curvilinear grid and meteo on a Spiderweb grid, examples of input files are shown below.
- Keywords are case INsensitive.
- Comments are indicated by a #.
- The keyword FileVersion (= 1.002) must be the first keyword, the order of the other keywords is free to choose.
- The pressure correction on boundaries using Paver and Pcorr, which used to be prescribed in the air pressure meteo file, has been moved to the MD-File. The correction is specified using the keyword:
PavBnd (P average on Boundaries). This average pressure is applied on all boundaries to reduce pressure gradients there. The average pressure needs to be specified in Pascals.
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- Meteo on the FLOW grid:
For meteo on the FLOW grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 1 file, using the keyword:
FilwndSpace Varying Wind and Pressure:
| Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares FileVersion = 1.002 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newnewest file format is used (1.0) meteotype filetype = svwpmeteo_on_flow_grid # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfo meteo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or spiderweb meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -9.9900000E+02 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_quantity = 3 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = x_wind # Name of quantity1 quantity2 = y_wind # Name of quantity2 quantity3 = air_pressure # Name of quantity3 unit1 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity1 unit2 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity2 unit3 = mbar # Unit of quantity3 ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since 2008-01-08 00:00:00 +00:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone)<time zone> 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -8.6049000E+00 -1.0240000E+01 -5.4150000E+00 -1.8900000E+00 -2.9040000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 TIME = 660 minutes since 2008-01-08 00:00:00 +00:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone)<time zone> 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -2.3290000E+00 -9.0440000E+00 -1.3230000E+01 -8.3310000E+00 -6.9210000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -1.0000000E+01 -1.1000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.5000000E+01 -1.8000000E+01 -1.4000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -0.8000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.6000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -0.7000000E+01 -0.4000000E+01 0.0000000E+00 -0.3000000E+01 1.0130000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0160000E+03 1.0120000E+03 1.0120000E+03 1.0180000E+03 1.0200000E+03 1.0160000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0110000E+03 1.0130000E+03 1.0110000E+03 1.0180000E+03 1.0150000E+03 1.0130000E+03 |
- Pseudo ArcInfo wind:
- Meteo on an equidistant grid:
For meteo on an equidistant grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 3 separate files using the keywords:
Filwu
Filwv
Filwp
and Filwr, Filwt, Filwc for relative humidity, air temperature and cloudiness respectively.
| Code Block |
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| Code Block |
### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.0 02 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newnewest file format is used (1.0) meteotype filetype = arcinfo meteo_on_equidistant_grid # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfometeo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or spiderweb meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -9999.000 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_cols = 400 # Number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows = 16 # Number of rows used for wind datafield grid_unit = degree # Unit of distances on the grid in both x- and y-direction #grid_unit: m = mor degree x_llcorner = -12.000 # Xcoordinate of lower left corner of grid (in units specified in grid_unit) y_llcorner = 48.000 # Ycoordinate of lower left corner of grid (in units specified in grid_unit) value_pos = centre # Location where the data is specified in a cell (Coordinates given in centre or corner) #value_pos of lower left cell? dx = corner = 0.12500 dx = 0.12500 # # Grid Grid dimensions: dx and dy (in units specified in grid_unit) dy = 0.083333333 n_quantity = 31 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = x_wind # Name of quantity1 #quantity1 = (x_wind, y_wind or air_pressure) unit1 = m s-1 # Name of quantity1 #quantity1 = air_pressure # Unit of quantity1 (m s-1 for velocities or Pa/mbar for air_pressure) ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since # Name of quantity1 unit12007-10-08 15:24:00 -02:00 # Fixed format: <time> =<time unit> "since" <date> m<time> s-1<time zone> 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 # Unit of quantity1 #unit1 1.388999 1.388999 = Pa1.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 # Unit of quantity1 ### END OF HEADER TIME 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 = 03.388999 minutes since 2007-10-08 15:24:00 -02:00 3.388999 3.388999 # Fixed format: time unit since date3.388999 time time difference (time zone) 13.388999 13.388999 13.388999 13.388999 13.388999 1 3.388999 TIME 1.388999 = 1.388999 1440 minutes since 2007-10-08 15:24:00 1.388999-02:00 1.388999# Fixed format: <time> <time 2.388999 unit> "since" <date> <time> <time zone> 2.388999435253 2.388999435253 25.388999435253 21.388999435253 23.388999435253 24.388999435253 2.388999435253 2.557653 2.388999412253 2.388999435255 31.388999435253 32.388999435253 31.388999435253 32.388999435253 31.388999435253 32.388999435253 31.388999435253 31.388999435253 32.388999435253 31.388999435251 TIME 4.435253 4.435253 = 14401.435253 minutes since 2007-10-08 15:24:00 -02:00 3.355253 # Fixed format: time unit since date time time difference (time zone) 2.435253 3.456253 5.425253 21.435253223453 5.435253523341 15.435253521246 3.435253255258 4.435253 2.435253 2.557653 2.412253 2.435255 1.435253 2.435253 1.435253 2.435253 1.435253 2.435253 |
- Explanation of the data to grid conversion for meteo on an equidistant grid
For meteo on an equidistant grid the orientation of the data is the same as the grid (visually). The first data value is thus located at the grid at (1,nmax). A line is then read as a row on the grid and the second line in the dataset is row nmax-1 on the grid. See also figure 1.
Figure 1: Data to grid conversion for meteo on an equidistant grid.
- Meteo on a separate curvilinear grid:
For meteo on a separate curvilinear grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 3 separate files using the keywords:
Fwndgu
Fwndgv
Fwndgp
and Fwndgr, Fwndgt, Fwndgc for relative humidity, air temperature and cloudiness respectively.
| Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.02 1.435253 1.435253 2.435253 1.435251 4.435253 4.435253 # 1.435253Version of meteo input file, to check 3.355253if the newest file format is used filetype 3.456253 5.425253 = 1.223453meteo_on_curvilinear_grid 5.523341 5.521246 3.255258 |
- Wind on a separate curvi-linear grid:
| Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion# Type of meteo input file: meteo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -999.999 = 1.0 # Value used for undefined or missing data grid_file = hirlam.grd # Version of meteo input file, to check if the new file format is used (1.0) meteotype = curvi # Separate (curvi-linear) grid on which the wind can be specified first_data_value = grid_llcorner # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfo or spiderweb NODATA_value = -999.999 # Options: grid_llcorner, grid_ul_corner, grid_lrcorner or grid_urcorner data_row = grid_row # Value used for undefined or missing data curvi_grid_file = hirlam.grd # Options: grid_row or grid_col. For switching rows and columns. n_quantity = 1 # Separate (curvi-linear) grid on which the wind can be specified first_data_value = grid_llcorner # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = # Options: grid_llcorner, grid_ul_corner, grid_lrcorner or grid_urcorner data_rowx_wind = grid_row # Name of quantity1 (x_wind, y_wind, air_pressure, relative_humidity, air_temperature or cloudiness) unit1 # Options: grid_row or grid_col. For switching rows= and columns. n_quantity m s-1 = 1 # Unit of quantity1 (m s-1 for velocities, Pa/ mbar for air_pressure, % #for Numberrelative_humidity ofor quantitiescloudiness prescribedand inCelcius the file #quantity1 for air_temperature) ### END OF HEADER TIME = x_wind = 0 hours since 2006-01-01 00:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: <time> <time unit> "since" <date> <time> <time zone> 101530.000 101300.000 # Name of quantity1 #quantity1 101600.000 =101550.000 y_wind 101500.000 101300.000 1013300.000 101400.000 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 # Name of quantity1 quantity1 101320.000 = 101260.000 air_pressure 101620.000 1013400.000 101520.000 TIME = # Name of quantity1 unit11440 hours since 2006-01-01 = m s-100:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: <time> <time unit> "since" <date> <time> <time zone> 101298.544 102108.102 101998.521 101928.544 # Unit101721.314 of quantity1 #unit1 101811.152 1013410.400 = Pa 101323.214 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 101320.000 101260.000 101620.000 1013400.000 # Unit of quantity1 ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 hours since 2006-01-01 00:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: time unit since date time time difference (time zone) 101530.000 101300.000 101600.000 101550.000 101500.000 101300.000 1013300.000 101400.000 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 101320.000 101260.000 101620.000 1013400.000 101520.000 TIME = 1440 hours since 2006-01-01 00:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: time unit since date time time difference (time zone) 101298.544 102108.102 101998.521 101928.544 101721.314 101811.152 1013410.400 101323.214 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 101320.000 101260.000 101620.000 1013400.000 101520.000 |
- Spiderweb wind:
101520.000
|
- Explanation of the data to grid conversion for wind on a separate curvilinear grid.
The first_data_value keyword is used to determine the starting point on the grid. The first_data_value is the first value that is read in the meteo file, i.e. the upper left value in a data block. The keyword has 4 possible values:
grid_llcorner, meaning m = 1, n = 1 (on the curvilinear grid)
grid_lrcorner, meaning m = mmax, n = 1 ( " )
grid_ulcorner, meaning m = 1, n = nmax ( " )
grid_urcorner, meaning m = mmax, n = nmax ( " )
The data_row keyword is then used to determine the direction of placing the data on the grid, i.e. data_row = grid_column means that a row that is read in the meteo file becomes a column in the array on the grid (so fixed m, increasing n).
Example:
| Code Block |
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first_data_value = grid_ll_corner
data_row = grid_column
|
means:
The first read value (top left) of the meteofile coincides with the point (1,1) on the grid. The first row in the meteofile is then the first column on the grid, i.e. (1,1:nmax). The second row is then the second column (2,1:nmax) and so on. See also Figure 2.
Figure 2: Data to grid conversion for wind on a separate curvilinear grid.
- Meteo on a Spiderweb grid:
For meteo on a Spiderweb grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 1 file using the keyword:
Filweb
Meteo on a Spiderweb grid can be added to one of the other wind formats. Near and in the cyclone the winds are added using an averaging algorithm.
| Code Block |
|---|
### START OF HEADER
### This file is created by Deltares
### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary
### Additional commments
FileVersion = 1.02 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newest file format is used
filetype = meteo_on_spiderweb_grid # Type of meteo input file: meteo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or meteo_on_spiderweb_grid
NODATA_value = -999.000 |
| Code Block |
### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.0 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_cols #= Version of meteo input16 file, to check if the new file format is used (1.0) meteotype = spiderweb # Number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows # Type of= meteo input file: curvi,400 arcinfo or spiderweb NODATA_value = -999.000 # Number # Valueof rows used for undefined or missing data n_colswind datafield spw_radius = =600000.00 400 # Radius of spiderweb (in units specified in rad_unit) spw_rad_unit # Number of columns= used for wind datafield n_rowsm = 16 # Unit of radius n_quantity = # 3 Number of rows used for wind datafield spw_radius = 600000.00 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 # Radius of spiderweb (in= units specified in rad_unit) spw_rad_unitwind_speed = m # Name of quantity1 quantity2 = wind_from_direction # Unit of radius n_quantity = 3 # Name of quantity2 quantity3 = p_drop # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = wind_speed # Name of quantity3 unit1 = m s-1 # Name of quantity1 quantity2 = wind_from_direction # Unit of quantity1 unit2 = # Name of quantity2 quantity3 degree = air_pressure_drop # NameUnit of quantity3quantity2 unit1unit3 = Pa m s-1 # Unit of quantity1quantity3 unit2### END OF HEADER TIME = degree= 0 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 # Fixed format: <time> <time unit> "since" <date> <time> <time zone> x_spw_eye = 115.4 # Unit of quantity2 unit3 = Pa # Xcoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye = 18.9 # Unit of quantity3 ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 # Fixed format: time unit since # dateYcoordinate timeof timecyclone differenceeye (timeSpiderweb zonecentre) at xspecified TIME p_drop_spw_eye = 5300 = 115.4 # Pressure drop at # Xcoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye 1.388999 =1.388999 18.9 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 # Ycoordinate of cyclone eye1.388999 (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME p_drop_spw_eye155.0000 = 346.2500 5300 357.5000 8.750000 20.00000 31.25000 42.50000 53.75000 #65.00000 Pressure drop at cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME 76.25000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 15300.388999000 TIME 155.0000 346.2500 = 357.50001440 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 8.750000 # Fixed format: 20.00000<time> <time unit> "since" <date> <time> 31.25000<time zone> x_spw_eye 42.50000 = 53114.750004000 65.00000 76.25000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 # Xcoordinate of cyclone 5300.000eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified 5300.000TIME y_spw_eye = 5300.000 18.90000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 TIME = 1440 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 # Fixed format: time unit since date time time difference (time zone) x # Ycoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME p_drop_spw_eye = = 114.40005300.000 # Pressure Xcoordinatedrop ofat cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye 2.435253 2.435253 = 18.90000 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 #2.435253 Ycoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at2.435253 specified TIME 65.01978 p_drop_spw_eye75.11859 = 530085.00025320 95.45370 105.7529 116.1833 126.7762 137.5612 148.5649 # Pressure drop at cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME 159.8090 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 25298.435253544 2.435253 65.01978 75.11859 85.25320 95.45370 105.7529 116.1833 126.7762 137.5612 148.5649 159.8090 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 |
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- Explanation of the grid definition for wind on a Spiderweb grid.
The Spiderweb grid is defined using the number of rows 'n_rows' and the number of columns 'n_cols'.
The number of rows is used to divide the radius of the Spiderweb in small rings of width spw_radius/n_rows [m].
The number of columns is used to divide the circle in parts with angles of 2*pi/n_cols [rad].
The wind direction is defined according to the nautical convention, i.e. wind from the North has direction 0 degrees and the angle increases when turning clockwise.
If the grid_unit is 'degree' than the coordinates of the Spiderweb/cyclone eye are given in spherical coordinates using keywords 'x_spw_eye' and 'y_spw_eye'.
For each time of the time series, the coordinates of the Spiderweb eye and the pressure drop in the eye must be specified.