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input files containing meteorological time series such as wind , velocityvelocity, air pressure, air temperature. |
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Space varying wind and pressure input files (meteofiles)
At present, for different wind meteo input files, different headers are used, which are read in different ways in the sourcecodesource code. Some effort has been put in making the files more self-descriptive, readible readable and to make the input of the different files more consistent. For four wind-input options, a suggestion to standardise the headers is shown below. The suggestion is conform a possible transition to NetCDF format in the future. See NetCDF standard names for more information on the used standard NetCDF names. For Space Varying Wind and Pressure, Pseudo ArcInfo wind, wind on a separate curvi-linear grid and Spiderweb windmeteo on the FLOW grid, meteo on an equidistant (rectilinear or spherical) grid, meteo on a separate curvilinear grid and meteo on a Spiderweb grid, examples of input files are shown below.
- Keywords are case INsensitive.
- Comments are indicated by a #.
- The keyword FileVersion (= 1.002) must be the first keyword, the order of the other keywords is free to choose.
- The pressure correction on boundaries using Paver and Pcorr, which used to be prescribed in the air pressure meteo file, has been moved to the MD-File. The correction is specified using the keyword:
PavBnd (P average on Boundaries). This average pressure is applied on all boundaries to reduce pressure gradients there. The average pressure needs to be specified in Pascals.
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- Space Varying Wind and Pressure:
-
- Meteo on the FLOW grid:
For meteo on the FLOW grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 1 file, using the keyword:
Filwnd
Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares FileVersion = 1.002 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newnewest file format is used (1.0) meteotype filetype = svwpmeteo_on_flow_grid # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfometeo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or spiderweb meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -9.9900000E+02 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_quantity = 3 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = x_wind # Name of quantity1 quantity2 = y_wind # Name of quantity2 quantity3 = air_pressure # Name of quantity3 unit1 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity1 unit2 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity2 unit3 = mbar # Unit of quantity3 ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since 2008-01-08 00:00:00 +00:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time<time difference (time zone) zone> 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -8.6049000E+00 -1.0240000E+01 -5.4150000E+00 -1.8900000E+00 -2.9040000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 1.0000000E+03 TIME = 660 minutes since 2008-01-08 00:00:00 +00:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone)<time zone> 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -2.3290000E+00 -9.0440000E+00 -1.3230000E+01 -8.3310000E+00 -6.9210000E+00 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -9.9900000E+02 -1.0000000E+01 -1.1000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.5000000E+01 -1.8000000E+01 -1.4000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -0.8000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.6000000E+01 -1.2000000E+01 -1.0000000E+01 -0.7000000E+01 -0.4000000E+01 0.0000000E+00 -0.3000000E+01 1.0130000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0160000E+03 1.0120000E+03 1.0120000E+03 1.0180000E+03 1.0200000E+03 1.0160000E+03 1.0140000E+03 1.0110000E+03 1.0130000E+03 1.0110000E+03 1.0180000E+03 1.0150000E+03 1.0130000E+03 |
- Pseudo ArcInfo wind:
- Meteo on an equidistant grid:
For meteo on an equidistant grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 3 separate files using the keywords:
Filwu
Filwv
Filwp
and Filwr, Filwt, Filwc for relative humidity, air temperature and cloudiness respectively.
Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.0 02 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newnewest file format is used (1.0) meteotype filetype = arcinfo meteo_on_equidistant_grid # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfometeo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or spiderweb meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -9999.000 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_cols = 400 # Number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows = 16 # Number of rows used for wind datafield grid_unit = degree # Unit of distances on the grid in both x- and y-direction #grid_unit: m = mor degree x_llcorner = -12.000 # Xcoordinate of lower left corner of grid (in units specified in grid_unit) y_llcorner = 48.000 # Ycoordinate of lower left corner of grid (in units specified in grid_unit) value_pos = centre # Location where the data is specified in a cell (Coordinates given in centre or corner) #value_pos of lower left cell? dx = corner = 0.12500 dx = 0.12500 # # Grid dimensions: dx and dy (in units specified in grid_unit) dy = 0.083333333 n_quantity = 1 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = x_wind # Name of quantity1 (x_wind, y_wind or air_pressure) unit1 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity1 (m s-1 for velocities or Pa/ mbar for air_pressure) ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since 2007-10-08 15:24:00 -02:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone)<time zone> 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 2.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 3.388999 TIME = 1440 minutes since 2007-10-08 15:24:00 -02:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time<time difference (time zone) zone> 2.435253 2.435253 5.435253 1.435253 3.435253 4.435253 2.435253 2.557653 2.412253 2.435255 1.435253 2.435253 1.435253 2.435253 1.435253 2.435253 1.435253 1.435253 2.435253 1.435251 4.435253 4.435253 1.435253 3.355253 3.456253 5.425253 1.223453 5.523341 5.521246 3.255258 |
- Wind on a separate curvi-linear grid:
- Explanation of the data to grid conversion for meteo on an equidistant grid
For meteo on an equidistant grid the orientation of the data is the same as the grid (visually). The first data value is thus located at the grid at (1,nmax). A line is then read as a row on the grid and the second line in the dataset is row nmax-1 on the grid. See also figure 1.
Figure 1: Data to grid conversion for meteo on an equidistant grid.
- Meteo on a separate curvilinear grid:
For meteo on a separate curvilinear grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 3 separate files using the keywords:
Fwndgu
Fwndgv
Fwndgp
and Fwndgr, Fwndgt, Fwndgc for relative humidity, air temperature and cloudiness respectively.
Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER
### This file is created by Deltares
### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary
### Additional commments
FileVersion = 1.02 |
Code Block |
### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.0 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the new file format is used (1.0) meteotype = curvi # TypeVersion of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfoto orcheck spiderweb NODATA_value =if the newest file format is used filetype -999.999 = meteo_on_curvilinear_grid # Type of meteo input file: # Value used for undefined or missing data curvi_grid_filemeteo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = hirlam.grd-999.999 # Separate (curvi-linear) grid on which the wind can be specified first_data_value = grid_llcornerValue used for undefined or missing data grid_file = hirlam.grd # Options: grid_llcornerSeparate (curvi-linear) grid on which the wind can be specified first_data_value = grid_llcorner # Options: grid_llcorner, grid_ul_corner, grid_lrcorner or grid_urcorner data_row = grid_row # Options: grid_row or grid_col. For switching rows and columns. n_quantity = 1 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = x_wind # Name of quantity1 (x_wind, y_wind or, air_pressure) unit1 , relative_humidity, air_temperature or cloudiness) unit1 = m s-1 # Unit of quantity1 (m s-1 for velocities, or Pa/ mbar for air_pressure, % for relative_humidity or cloudiness and Celcius for air_temperature) ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 hours since 2006-01-01 00:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: <time> time<time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone)<time zone> 101530.000 101300.000 101600.000 101550.000 101500.000 101300.000 1013300.000 101400.000 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 101320.000 101260.000 101620.000 1013400.000 101520.000 TIME = 1440 hours since 2006-01-01 00:00:00 -06:00 # Fixed format: time<time> <time unitunit> "since" date<date> time<time> time difference (time zone) <time zone> 101298.544 102108.102 101998.521 101928.544 101721.314 101811.152 1013410.400 101323.214 101430.000 101500.000 101130.000 101320.000 101260.000 101620.000 1013400.000 101520.000 |
- Spiderweb wind:
- Explanation of the data to grid conversion for wind on a separate curvilinear grid.
The first_data_value keyword is used to determine the starting point on the grid. The first_data_value is the first value that is read in the meteo file, i.e. the upper left value in a data block. The keyword has 4 possible values:
grid_llcorner, meaning m = 1, n = 1 (on the curvilinear grid)
grid_lrcorner, meaning m = mmax, n = 1 ( " )
grid_ulcorner, meaning m = 1, n = nmax ( " )
grid_urcorner, meaning m = mmax, n = nmax ( " )
The data_row keyword is then used to determine the direction of placing the data on the grid, i.e. data_row = grid_column means that a row that is read in the meteo file becomes a column in the array on the grid (so fixed m, increasing n).
Example:
Code Block |
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first_data_value = grid_ll_corner
data_row = grid_column
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means:
The first read value (top left) of the meteofile coincides with the point (1,1) on the grid. The first row in the meteofile is then the first column on the grid, i.e. (1,1:nmax). The second row is then the second column (2,1:nmax) and so on. See also Figure 2.
Figure 2: Data to grid conversion for wind on a separate curvilinear grid.
- Meteo on a Spiderweb grid:
For meteo on a Spiderweb grid, the wind velocities and air pressure are specified in 1 file using the keyword:
Filweb
Meteo on a Spiderweb grid can be added to one of the other wind formats. Near and in the cyclone the winds are added using an averaging algorithm.
Code Block |
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### START OF HEADER
### This file is created by Deltares
### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary
### Additional commments
FileVersion = 1.02 |
Code Block |
### START OF HEADER ### This file is created by Deltares ### All text on a line behind the first # is parsed as commentary ### Additional commments FileVersion = 1.0 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the new file format is used (1.0) meteotype = spiderweb # Type of meteo input file: curvi, arcinfo or spiderweb NODATA_value = -999.000 # Value used for undefined or missing data n_cols = 400 # Number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows = 16 # Version of meteo input file, to check if the newest file format is used filetype = meteo_on_spiderweb_grid # Number of rows used for wind datafield spw_radius = # Type 600000.00of meteo input file: meteo_on_flow_grid, meteo_on_equidistant_grid, meteo_on_curvilinear_grid or meteo_on_spiderweb_grid NODATA_value = -999.000 # Radius of spiderweb (in units specified in rad_unit) spw_rad_unit = m # Value used for undefined or missing data n_cols = 16 # Unit of radius n_quantity = 3 # Number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows = 400 # Number of quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = wind_speed # Number of rows used for wind datafield spw_radius = 600000.00 # Name of quantity1 quantity2 = wind_from_direction # Radius of spiderweb (in units specified in rad_unit) spw_rad_unit = m # Name of quantity2 quantity3 = air_pressure_drop # NameUnit of radius quantity3 unit1n_quantity = 3 = m s-1 # UnitNumber of quantity1 unit2quantities prescribed in the file quantity1 = degreewind_speed # UnitName of quantity1 quantity2 unit3 = =wind_from_direction Pa # Name of quantity2 quantity3 = p_drop # Unit of quantity3 ### END OF HEADER TIME = 0 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 # Fixed format:# timeName unitof sincequantity3 unit1 date time time difference (time zone) x_spw_eye = = m s-1 115.4 # XcoordinateUnit of cyclonequantity1 unit2 eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye = 18.9 degree # YcoordinateUnit of cyclonequantity2 unit3 eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME p_drop_spw_eye = = 5300 Pa # Pressure drop at cyclone# eyeUnit (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME 1.388999of quantity3 ### END OF HEADER TIME 1.388999 = 1.388999 0 minutes since 2004-01-03 1.38899911:02:00 +01:00 1.388999 # Fixed format: <time> 1.388999<time unit> "since" <date> <time> <time 1.388999zone> x_spw_eye 1.388999 = 1115.3889994 1.388999 155.0000 346.2500 357.5000 8.750000 20.00000 31.25000# Xcoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) 42.50000at specified TIME y_spw_eye 53.75000 = 6518.000009 76.25000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 # Ycoordinate of cyclone eye 5300.000 5300.000(Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME p_drop_spw_eye = 5300 5300.000 5300.000 TIME = 1440 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 # Fixed format: time unit# sincePressure datedrop timeat timecyclone differenceeye (timeSpiderweb zonecentre) x_spw_eye at specified TIME 1.388999 = 1141.4000388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 1.388999 # Xcoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye 1.388999 1.388999 155.0000 = 18.90000 346.2500 357.5000 8.750000 20.00000 31.25000 42.50000 # Ycoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME53.75000 65.00000 76.25000 p_drop_spw_eye 5300.000 = 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 5300.000 # Pressure drop at cyclone eye5300.000 (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME 25300.435253000 TIME 2.435253 2.435253 = 2.4352531440 minutes since 2004-01-03 11:02:00 +01:00 2.435253 # Fixed 2.435253format: <time> <time unit> "since" <date> <time> 2.435253<time zone> x_spw_eye 2.435253 = 2114.4352534000 2.435253 65.01978 75.11859 85.25320 95.45370 105.7529 # Xcoordinate of 116.1833cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME y_spw_eye = 18.90000 126.7762 137.5612# Ycoordinate of cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at 148.5649specified TIME 159.8090 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 p_drop_spw_eye = 5300.000 # Pressure drop at cyclone eye (Spiderweb centre) at specified TIME 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 2.435253 65.01978 75.11859 85.25320 95.45370 105.7529 116.1833 126.7762 137.5612 148.5649 159.8090 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 5298.544 |
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- Explanation of the grid definition for wind on a Spiderweb grid.
The Spiderweb grid is defined using the number of rows 'n_rows' and the number of columns 'n_cols'.
The number of rows is used to divide the radius of the Spiderweb in small rings of width spw_radius/n_rows [m].
The number of columns is used to divide the circle in parts with angles of 2*pi/n_cols [rad].
The wind direction is defined according to the nautical convention, i.e. wind from the North has direction 0 degrees and the angle increases when turning clockwise.
If the grid_unit is 'degree' than the coordinates of the Spiderweb/cyclone eye are given in spherical coordinates using keywords 'x_spw_eye' and 'y_spw_eye'.
For each time of the time series, the coordinates of the Spiderweb eye and the pressure drop in the eye must be specified.