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Factors of importance are:
• Disturbance and reduction of the freshwater lens by the subsurface pressure wave.
• Local geometry of the inundated areas.
• Duration of sea water standing on the land.
• Leaching of salts from the soil.
• Local weather conditions during the coming months.
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Figure 1: Schematic representation of the possible effects of the Sumatra Tsunami on coastal groundwater systems: upconing of brackish groundwater under abstraction wells, intrusion of brackish or saline water from ponds, fingering of brackish water from pools, reduction in freshwater volume due to shoreline retreat, etc.
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Figure 2: Conceptual models are used to analyse the impact of the Tsunami on groundwater resources: e.g. Concept freshwater lens in a coastal aquifer with a brackish lagoon.
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